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Rev. 5.00, 09/03, page 74 of 760
3.5 MMU Exceptions
There are four MMU exceptions: TLB miss, TLB protection violation, TLB invalid, and initial
page write.
3.5.1 TLB Miss Exception
A TLB miss results when the virtual address and the address array of the selected TLB entry are
compared and no match is found. TLB miss exception processing includes both hardware and
software operations.
Hardware Operations: In a TLB miss, the SH7709S hardware executes a set of prescribed
operations, as follows:
1. The VPN field of the virtual address causing the exception is written to the PTEH register.
2. The virtual address causing the exception is written to the TEA register.
3. Either exception code H'040 for a load access, or H'060 for a store access, is written to the
EXPEVT register.
4. The PC value indicating the address of the instruction in which the exception occurred is
written to the save program counter (SPC). If the exception occurred in a delay slot, the PC
value indicating the address of the related delayed branch instruction is written to the SPC.
5. The contents of the status register (SR) at the time of the exception are written to the save
status register (SSR).
6. The mode (MD) bit in SR is set to 1 to place the SH7709S in the privileged mode.
7. The block (BL) bit in SR is set to 1 to mask any further exception requests.
8. The register bank (RB) bit in SR is set to 1.
9. The random counter (RC) field in the MMU control register (MMUCR) is incremented by 1
when all ways are checked for the TLB entry corresponding to the logical address at which the
exception occurred, and all ways are valid. If one or more ways are invalid, those ways are set
in RC in prioritized order from way 0 through way 1, way 2, and way 3.
10. Execution branches to the address obtained by adding the value of the VBR contents and
H'00000400 to invoke the user-written TLB miss exception handler.
Software (TLB Miss Handler) Operations: The software searches the page tables in external
memory and allocates the required page table entry. Upon retrieving the required page table entry,
software must execute the following operations:
1. Write the value of the physical page number (PPN) field and the protection key (PR), page size
(SZ), cacheable (C), dirty (D), share status (SH), and valid (V) bits of the page table entry
recorded in the address translation table in the external memory into the PTEL register in the
SH7709S.