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Freecom MusicPal
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Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note
that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network
numbers, you only need to shift some bits from the host address to the network address.
For instance, to partition a Class C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one
bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is
255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network number 192.68.135.0 with hosts 192.68.135.1
to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has network number 192.68.135.128 with hosts
192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.
Attention: The number 192.
68.135.127 is not assigned because it is the
broadcast address of the first subnet. The number 192.68.135.128 is not
assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet.
Freecom strongly recommends that you configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use
the same netmask for the following reasons:
• S
o that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets
• When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of
the local network address with all ones for the host address. In order for this scheme
to work, all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host ad-
dress.
• S
o that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are
remote Private IP Addresses
If your local network is not connected to the Internet (for example, when using NAT),
you can assign any IP addresses to your computers without problems. But to prevent
problems and ease configuration, the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of
IP addresses specifically for private networks:
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
We recommend that you choose your private network number from this range. The DHCP
server of the MusicPal is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses.
For more information about address assignment, refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation
for Private Internets, and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space. The
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) publishes RFCs on its Web site at www.ietf.org.