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Agilent N5161A/62A/81A/82A/83A MXG Signal Generators User’s Guide 181
Preliminary Basic Digital Operation (Option 651/652/654)
Preliminary Scaling a Waveform
How DAC Over–Range Errors Occur
The signal generator uses an interpolator
filter when it converts digital I and Q
baseband waveforms to analog
waveforms. Because the clock rate of the
interpolator is four times that of the
baseband clock, the interpolator
calculates sample points between the
incoming baseband samples and smooths
the waveform as shown in the figure at
the right.
The interpolation filters in the DACs
overshoot the baseband waveform. If a
baseband waveform has a fast–rising
edge, the interpolator filter’s overshoot
becomes a component of the interpolated
baseband waveform. This response
causes a ripple or ringing effect at the
peak of the rising edge. If this ripple
overshoots the upper limit of the DAC
range, the interpolator calculates
erroneous sample points and is unable
to replicate the true form of the ripple
(see the figure at the right). As a result,
the signal generator reports a DAC
over–range error.